Emerging Trends in Mechanical Engineering

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2.4 Waste Heat Recovery-Process Industry

1   Out of the following which one is not unconventional source of energy?
    (A)   Tidal power
    (B)   Geothermal energy
    (C)   Nuclear energy
    (D)   Wind power.

2   Pulverized coal is
    (A)   Coal free from ash
    (B)   Non-smoking coal
    (C)   Coal which bums for long time
    (D)   Coal broken into fine particles.

3   Heating value of coal is approximately in power plant
    (A)   1000-2000 kcal / kg
    (B)   2000-4000 kcal / kg
    (C)   5000-6500 kcal / kg
    (D)   9000-10,500 kcal / kg.

4   Water gas is a mixture of
    (A)   CO2 and O2
    (B)   O2 and H2
    (C)   H2, N2 and O2
    (D)   CO, N2 and H2.

5   Coal used in power plant is also known as
    (A)   Steam coal
    (B)   Charcoal
    (C)   Coke
    (D)   Soft coal.

6   Which of the following is considered as superior quality of coal?
    (A)   Bituminous coal
    (B)   Peat
    (C)   Lignite
    (D)   Coke.

7   In a power plant, coal is carried from storage place to boilers generally by means of
    (A)   Bucket
    (B)   V-belts
    (C)   Trolleys
    (D)   Manually.

8   Live storage of coal in a power plant means
    (A)   Coal ready for combustion
    (B)   Preheated coal
    (C)   Storage of coal sufficient to meet 24 hour demand of the plant
    (D)   Coal in transit.

9   Pressure of steam in condenser is
    (A)   Atmospheric pressure
    (B)   More than atmospheric pressure
    (C)   Slightly less than atmospheric pressure
    (D)   Much less than atmospheric pressure.

10   Equipment used for pulverizing the coal is known as
    (A)   Ball mill
    (B)   Hopper
    (C)   Burner
    (D)   Stoker

11   Major advantage of waste heat recovery in industry is:
    (A)   Reduction in pollution
    (B)   increase in efficiency
    (C)   Both a & b
    (D)   none of the above

12   Heat recovery equipment will be most effective when the temperature of flue gas is:
    (A)   250°C
    (B)   200°C
    (C)   400°C
    (D)   280°C

13   The waste gases coming out from gas turbine exhausts are of the order of:
    (A)   370-540
    (B)   450 – 700
    (C)   700-800
    (D)   250-440

14   Recuperated is used mainly as a waste heat recovery system in a ____.
    (A)   Boiler
    (B)   Billet Reheating Furnace
    (C)   Compressor
    (D)   None of the above

15   Recuperated will be more efficient if the flow path of hot and cold fluids is in:
    (A)   Co-current mode
    (B)   Counter current mode
    (C)   Cross current mode
    (D)   Cone of the above

16   The major limitation of metallic recuperated is ——-
    (A)   Limitation of handling COx, NOx etc.
    (B)   Limitation of reduced life for handling temperature more than 1000°C
    (C)   Manufacturing difficulty of the required design
    (D)   None of the above

17   Ceramic remunerators can withstand temperatures up to:
    (A)   600°C
    (B)   1300°C
    (C)   1700°C
    (D)   950°C

18   Air preheater is not used as a waste heat recovery system in a____.
    (A)   Boiler
    (B)   billet Reheating Furnace
    (C)   Heat treatment furnace
    (D)   compressor

19   Typical waste gases temperature from glass melting furnace
    (A)   1000-1550°C
    (B)   800-950°C
    (C)   650–750°C
    (D)   760-815°C

20   Regenerator is widely used in:
    (A)   Reheating Furnaces
    (B)   heat treatment furnaces
    (C)   Baking Ovens
    (D)   glass melting furnaces

21   In a low to medium temperature waste heat recovery system which of the device is most suitable
    (A)   Economizer
    (B)   Heat wheels
    (C)   air preheater
    (D)   Recuperator

22   Recovery of heat from dryer exhaust air is a typical application of:
    (A)   Waste heat recovery boiler
    (B)   Heat pump
    (C)   Heat wheel
    (D)   Economizer

23   Capillary wick is a part of
    (A)   heat pump
    (B)   heat wheel
    (C)   heat pipe
    (D)   regenerator

24   Economizer is provided to utilize the flue gas heat for ___
    (A)   preheating the boiler feed water
    (B)   preheating the stock
    (C)   preheating the combustion air
    (D)   preheating fuel

25   Recovery of waste heat from hot fluid to fluid is called:
    (A)   thermo compressor
    (B)   waste heat recovery boiler
    (C)   heat Pump
    (D)   economizer

26   Thermo-compressor is commonly used for
    (A)   compressing hot air
    (B)   flash steam recovery
    (C)   distillation
    (D)   reverse compression of CO2

27   The exchanger typically used in the pressurizing section of a dairy plant is
    (A)   Plate heat exchanger
    (B)   Shell and tube exchanger
    (C)   Run around coil exchanger
    (D)   All of the above

28   Pick up the odd one out:
    (A)   Regenerator
    (B)   Recuperator
    (C)   Metallic recuperator
    (D)   Economizer

29   Energy recovery is typically via production of ____
    (A)   Gas
    (B)   Heat
    (C)   Light
    (D)   Steam

30   What is the maximum percent of energy recovered if the steam is condensed before reintroduced to system?
    (A)   25
    (B)   35
    (C)   45
    (D)   55

31   Which of the following industrial process uses waste as a fuel?
    (A)   Cement kilns
    (B)   Lead manufacturing
    (C)   Acid manufacturing
    (D)   Sulphur manufacturing

32   What is the combustion temperature range in cement kiln incineration?
    (A)   1300-1600
    (B)   1350-1650
    (C)   1250-1450
    (D)   1235-1600

33   Non-volatile heavy metals in kiln are fixed into ____
    (A)   Clinker’s crystalline structure
    (B)   Fumes
    (C)   Solid lump
    (D)   Slag

34   Which of the following waste types are not suitable for co-combustion in cement kilns?
    (A)   Chlorine
    (B)   Hydrogen
    (C)   Calcium
    (D)   Carbonate

35   A major advantage of waste heat recovery in industry is
    (A)   Reduction in pollution
    (B)   Increase efficiency
    (C)   None of the above
    (D)  

36   In a low to medium temperature waste heat recovery system the most suitable device is ——
    (A)   Economizer
    (B)   Heat wheels
    (C)   Air preheater
    (D)   Recuperate

37   Which of the following act regulates transportation of hazardous waste?
    (A)   RCRA
    (B)   CERCLA
    (C)   NEPA
    (D)   NPL

38   When was the first law regarding transportation of hazardous materials passed?
    (A)   1966
    (B)   1866
    (C)   1855
    (D)   1965

39   Which of the following statute made transportation of hazardous materials illegal?
    (A)   1869
    (B)   1870
    (C)   1871
    (D)   1872

40   Which of the following act improves regulatory and enforcement activities?
    (A)   HMTA
    (B)   DOT
    (C)   ICC
    (D)   NPL

41   A waste heat recovery system in industrial process has been key to reduce ……consumption.
    (A)   Coal
    (B)   Fuel
    (C)   Biogas
    (D)   Oil

42   Heat loss can be classified into …….
    (A)   High temperature
    (B)   Low temperature
    (C)   Medium temperature
    (D)   All of the above

43   Heat recovery provides valuable energy sources and ……consumption.
    (A)   Reduce energy
    (B)   Increase energy
    (C)   Increase fuel
    (D)   Reduce fuel

44   Techniques of waste heat recovery …….
    (A)   Direct contact condensation
    (B)   Indirect contact condensation
    (C)   Transport membrane condensation
    (D)   All of the above

45   One of the key areas for ……energy saving in existing systems is waste heat recovery.
    (A)   Potential
    (B)   Kinetic
    (C)   Thermal
    (D)   Electrical

46   The biggest point sources of waste heat originate from ……. production.
    (A)   Steel or Brass
    (B)   Copper or Glass
    (C)   Steel or Glass
    (D)   Steel or Copper

47   The system is suitable to recover heat from …….. temperature exhaust gases.
    (A)   Medium-low
    (B)   Medium-high
    (C)   High-low
    (D)   High

48   The waste heat energy could be used to produce …….
    (A)   Cool air
    (B)   Hot air
    (C)   Exhaust gas
    (D)   All of the above

49   A waste heat recovery unit is an energy recovery heat exchanger that transfers heat from process outputs at ……..
    (A)   High temperature
    (B)   Medium temperature
    (C)   Low temperature
    (D)   Both a & b

50   A waste heat recovery unit (WHRU) is an_________ that transfers heat from process outputs at high temperature to another part of the process for some purpose, usually increased efficiency.
    (A)   Energy recovery heat exchanger
    (B)   Energy recovery heat diffuser
    (C)   Both ‘a’ and ‘b’
    (D)   None of the above

51   The waste heat recovery unit (WHRU) is a tool involved in _______.
    (A)   Regeneration
    (B)   Cogeneration
    (C)   Both ‘a’ and ‘b’
    (D)   None of the above

52   Using an organic fluid that boils at a low temperature means that energy could be regenerated from waste fluids is known as ________.
    (A)   Heat exchanger
    (B)   Heat remover
    (C)   Heat pumps
    (D)   Heat absorber

53   Traditionally, waste heat of low temperature range ________ has not been used for electricity generation despite efforts by ORC companies, mainly because the Carnot efficiency is rather low.
    (A)   0-250 °C
    (B)   0-150 °C
    (C)   0-200 °C
    (D)   0-120 °C

54   What are the benefits or the advantages of waste heat recovery units (WHRU)?
    (A)   Reduced Pollution
    (B)   Reduced equipment sizes
    (C)   Reduced auxiliary energy consumption.
    (D)   All of the above

55   A high temperature waste heat recovery unit consists of recovering waste heat at temperatures greater than _______.
    (A)   200 °C
    (B)   500 °C
    (C)   300 °C
    (D)   400 °C

56   Types of waste heat exchanger are:
    (A)   Regenerative and recuperative burners
    (B)   Economizers
    (C)   Waste heat boilers
    (D)   All of the above

57   Calculate the recoverable waste heat (Q, in kCal/hour) from flue gases using the following parameters: V (flow rate of the substance) 2000 m3/hr r (density of the flue gas): 0.9 kg/m3 Cp (specific heat of the substance): 0.20 kCal/kg °C DT (temperature difference): 120 °C h (recovery factor): 50%
    (A)   21600
    (B)   43200
    (C)   25600
    (D)   34000

58   In industrial operations fluids with temperature less than __________ are set as the limit for waste heat recovery because of the risk of condensation of corrosive liquids
    (A)   80°C
    (B)   100°C
    (C)   120°C
    (D)   200°C

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